数字化口腔种植外科导板的精确度研究

目的本研究通过分析种植体术前设计和术后的三维位置,来评估数字化口腔种植导板的精确度。方法根据修复体的生物学功能和美学要求,使用3D种植软件对种植体位置进行设计。将设计的种植导板转化为手术用种植导板,指导47颗种植体植入合适位置。通过重叠术前和术后的CT扫描图像,分析植体肩部和根部的线性误差以及植体长轴的角度误差,比较植体设计和实际植入的3D位置。结果通过比较47颗种植体发现,种植体肩部的平均误差为(0.58±0.23)mm,种植体根部的平均误差为(0.66±0.30)mm,而角度平均误差为(2.40±1.02)°。结论与传统种植手术相比,数字化无翻瓣种植技术为临床医生提供方便;然而,为确保可预测的治疗结果,精确的术前设计是必须的,如此才不会导致可能出现的术中和术后并发症。     

BOPPPS教学模式在医科院校医用化学教学中的应用与思考

医用化学是医学院校一门重要的基础必修课程,内容多为知识理解型,这导致了学生兴趣薄弱,学习效果欠佳。因此,需要通过改革传统"灌输式"课堂授课方式,让学生真正参与到教学活动中。BOPPPS教学模式分为导言、学习目标、前测、参与式学习、后测和总结六个环节。突出"以学生为中心"的教学理念,遵循教学活动的客观规律。在医用化学课程的教学过程中引入BOPPPS教学,能够有效提高学生的课堂参与度,增强学生的学习动力,培养学生独立思考、自主学习的能力。     

Nursing Home Design and COVID-19: Balancing Infection Control,Quality of Life,and Resilience

Many nursing home design models can have a negative impact on older people and these flaws have been compounded by Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related infection control failures. This article proposes that there is now an urgent need to examine these architectural design models and provide alternative and holistic models that balance infection control and quality of life at multiple spatial scales in existing and proposed settings. Moreover, this article argues that there is a convergence on many fronts between these issues and that certain design models and approaches that improve quality of life, will also benefit infection control, support greater resilience, and in turn improve overall pandemic preparedness.     

国家中医临床研究基地文献信息库系统研究与设计

以中国中医科学院广安门医院为例，介绍国家中医临床基地文献信息库建设原则，设计中医药特色文献系统，阐述系统架构、功能、建设步骤以及围绕基地3个重点病种建设的7个文献信息库主要内容。     

Using online content uniformity measurements for rapid automated process development exemplified via an X-ray system

This paper addresses the relevance of automated content testing for the rapid automated process development (RAPD). Our previous work demonstrated that RAPD allowed a fast and efficient development of a continuous capsule-filling process. Target was the mean weight and the relative standard deviation of the weight. Likewise important are the content and the content uniformity. However, an implementation demands a certain level of automation. In general, technology is available that can detect active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) inside the capsules but the final application is linked to additional development and investment in machinery. To eliminate doubts regarding the benefits of an automated content check within the RAPD we present an application example. First, an X-ray system was used to detect barium sulfate accurately inside capsules. Second, a process was developed where barium sulfate was filled. The concentration of excipients was modified in the experiments, as well as the setting of the process parameter. The obtained model provided an explicit understanding of the process. Subsequently, the content uniformity model was compared to a model of the capsule weight relative standard deviation, confirming the benefits of an automated content check in the RAPD. Moreover, we presented another example illustrating the advantages of a connected continuous filling process, which permits evaluation of all process steps and their interactions (i.e. evaluation of the entire process).     

我国Medical Mall空间设计初探

概述了Medical Mall的概念、模式及推动因素,从地理位置、建筑形态、业态分布和"医疗+商业"融合方面对其进行了总结。并围绕功能流线和个性化医疗空间两个方面对Medical Mall的空间设计特点进行分析,旨在为我国Medical Mall的建设与发展提供参考。     

Unintended effects of reimbursement schedules in mental health care

We evaluate the introduction of a reimbursement schedule for self-employed mental health care providers in the Netherlands in 2008. The reimbursement schedule follows a discontinuous discrete step function—once the provider has passed a treatment duration threshold the fee is flat until a next threshold is reached. We use administrative mental health care data of the total Dutch population from 2008 to 2010. We find an “efficiency” effect: on the flat part of the fee schedule providers reduce treatment duration by 2 to 7% compared to a control group. However, we also find unintended effects: providers treat patients longer to reach a next threshold and obtain a higher fee. The data shows gaps and bunches in the distribution function of treatment durations, just before and after a threshold. About 11 to 13% of treatments are shifted over a next threshold, resulting in a cost increase of approximately 7 to 9%.     

Analytical Quality by Design Approach in RP-HPLC Method Development for the Assay of Etofenamate in Dosage Forms

By considering the current regulatory requirement for an analytical method development, a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for routine analysis of etofenamate in dosage form has been optimized using analytical quality by design approach. Unlike routine approach, the present study was initiated with understanding of quality target product profile, analytical target profile and risk assessment for method variables that affect the method response. A liquid chromatography system equipped with a C₁₈ column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μ), a binary pump and photodiode array detector were used in this work. The experiments were conducted based on plan by central composite design, which could save time, reagents and other resources. Sigma Tech software was used to plan and analyses the experimental observations and obtain quadratic process model. The process model was used for predictive solution for retention time. The predicted data from contour diagram for retention time were verified actually and it satisfied with actual experimental data. The optimized method was achieved at 1.2 ml/min flow rate of using mobile phase composition of methanol and 0.2% triethylamine in water at 85:15, % v/v, pH adjusted to 6.5. The method was validated and verified for targeted method performances, robustness and system suitability during method transfer.